12
Jesus began to speak to the people using stories. He said, ‘A man planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it. He dug a pit for a winepress. He also built a lookout tower. He rented the vineyard out to some farmers. Then he went to another place. 2 At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants. He told the servant to collect from them some of the fruit of the vineyard. 3 But they grabbed the servant and beat him up. Then they sent him away with nothing. 4 So the man sent another servant to the tenants. They hit this one on the head and treated him badly. 5 The man sent still another servant. The tenants killed him. The man sent many others. The tenants beat up some of them. They killed the others. 6 ‘The man had one person left to send. It was his son, and he loved him. He sent him last of all. He said, “They will respect my son.”
7 ‘But the tenants said to each other, “This is the one who will receive all the owner's property someday. Come, let's kill him. Then everything will be ours.” 8 So they took him and killed him. They threw him out of the vineyard.
9 ‘What will the owner of the vineyard do then? He will come and kill those tenants. He will give the vineyard to others. 10 Haven't you read what this part of Scripture says,
‘ “The stone the builders didn't accept
has become the most important stone of all.
11 The Lord has done it.
It is wonderful in our eyes”?’ (Psalm 118:22, 23)
12 Then the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders looked for a way to arrest Jesus. They knew he had told the story against them. But they were afraid of the crowd. So they left him and went away.
11:27–12:12 The conflict with the religious leaders grew stronger. They again challenged Jesus' authority. Jesus told a story about them. In it, the tenants of a vineyard refused to give the owner any of the fruit. They treated his servants badly when the servants came to collect the fruit. Then the owner sent his son and the tenants killed him. Jesus closed with words from Psalm 118. The psalm talks about a stone that wasn't accepted. Jesus was that stone. God would use Jesus to build something completely new.
13 Later the religious leaders sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians to Jesus. They wanted to trap him with his own words. 14 They came to him and said, ‘Teacher, we know that you are a man of honour. You don't let other people tell you what to do or say. You don't care how important they are. But you teach the way of God truthfully. Is it right to pay the royal tax to Caesar or not? 15 Should we pay or shouldn't we?’
But Jesus knew what they were trying to do. So he asked, ‘Why are you trying to trap me? Bring me a silver coin. Let me look at it.’ 16 They brought the coin. He asked them, ‘Whose picture is this? And whose words?’
‘Caesar's,’ they replied.
17 Then Jesus said to them, ‘Give back to Caesar what belongs to Caesar. And give back to God what belongs to God.’
They were amazed at him.
18 The Sadducees came to Jesus with a question. They do not believe that people rise from the dead. 19 ‘Teacher’, they said, ‘Moses wrote for us about a man who died and didn't have any children. But he did leave a wife behind. That man's brother must get married to the widow. He must provide children to carry on his dead brother's name. 20 There were seven brothers. The first one got married. He died without leaving any children. 21 The second one got married to the widow. He also died and left no child. It was the same with the third one. 22 In fact, none of the seven left any children. Last of all, the woman died too. 23 When the dead rise, whose wife will she be? All seven of them were married to her.’
24 Jesus replied, ‘You are mistaken because you do not know the Scriptures. And you do not know the power of God. 25 When the dead rise, they won't get married. And their parents won't give them to be married. They will be like the angels in heaven. 26 What about the dead rising? Haven't you read in the Book of Moses the story of the burning bush? God said to Moses, “I am the God of Abraham. I am the God of Isaac. And I am the God of Jacob.” (Exodus 3:6) 27 He is not the God of the dead. He is the God of the living. You have made a big mistake!’
12:13–27 Usually the Pharisees, Herodians and Sadducees weren't friendly with each other. But they all worked together to try and stop Jesus. They asked him difficult questions about taxes, marriage and rising from the dead. They wanted to get Jesus in trouble either with the Jewish people or with Rome. But Jesus gave clever answers that forced them to think about even harder questions. What did they owe Caesar? What did they owe God? What could God's power do? How could God be the God of people who have died?
28 One of the teachers of the law came and heard the Sadducees arguing. He noticed that Jesus had given the Sadducees a good answer. So he asked him, ‘Which is the most important of all the commandments?’
29 Jesus answered, ‘Here is the most important one. Moses said, “Israel, listen to me. The Lord is our God. The Lord is one. 30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul. Love him with all your mind and with all your strength.” (Deuteronomy 6:4, 5) 31 And here is the second one. “Love your neighbour as you love yourself.” (Leviticus 19:18) There is no commandment more important than these.’
32 ‘You have spoken well, teacher,’ the man replied. ‘You are right in saying that God is one. There is no other God but him. 33 To love God with all your heart and mind and strength is very important. So is loving your neighbour as you love yourself. These things are more important than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.’
34 Jesus saw that the man had answered wisely. He said to him, ‘You are not far from God's kingdom.’ From then on, no one dared to ask Jesus any more questions.
35 Jesus was teaching in the temple courtyard. He asked, ‘Why do the teachers of the law say that the Messiah is the son of David? 36 The Holy Spirit spoke through David himself. David said,
‘ “The Lord said to my Lord,
‘Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
under your control.’ ” (Psalm 110:1)
37 David himself calls him “Lord”. So how can he be David's son?’
The large crowd listened to Jesus with delight.
38 As he taught, he said, ‘Watch out for the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in long robes. They like to be greeted with respect in the market. 39 They love to have the most important seats in the synagogues. They also love to have the places of honour at dinners. 40 They take over the houses of widows. They say long prayers to show off. God will punish these men very much.’
41 Jesus sat down opposite the place where people put their temple offerings. He watched the crowd putting their money into the offering boxes. Many rich people threw large amounts into them. 42 But a poor widow came and put in two very small copper coins. They were worth only a few pennies.
43 Jesus asked his disciples to come to him. He said, ‘What I'm about to tell you is true. That poor widow has put more into the offering box than all the others. 44 They all gave a lot because they are rich. But she gave even though she is poor. She put in everything she had. That was all she had to live on.’
12:28–44 One teacher of the law understood that loving God and serving others was important. These things were more important than all the other rules and practices that Jews followed. Jesus was pleased to see the man's wisdom. Then Jesus asked questions of his own as he taught. He explained what was wrong with Israel's teachers. They cared about their own glory and being honoured. They didn't show concern for God's people. Some of their rules made life harder for people like the widow giving her offering. Jesus pointed out that rich people were only giving God part of what they had. The widow was an example of those who sacrifice everything they have for God. Jesus honoured her gift.